How to remove/hide action links cluttering under specific plugins’ names

You have the right approach. You will want to use the admin_enqueue_scripts hook:

add_action( 'admin_enqueue_scripts', 'wpse_239302_hide_action_links' );
function wpse_239302_hide_action_links() {
    global $pagenow; 
    if ( $pagenow == 'plugins.php' ) {
        ?>
        <style type="text/css">
            .visible .proupgrade,
            .visible .docs,
            .visible .forum,
            .visible .jetpack-home,
            .visible .support { display: none; } 
        </style>
        <?php
    }
}