The error message is telling you the issue: you can’t use only factors to create a box plot. boxplot is looking for a numeric vector. Run code below as an example:
df <- data.frame( "age" = c(77,74,55,62,60,59,32,91,75,73,43,67,58,18,57), "party" = c("Independent", "Independent", "Independent", "Democrat", "Independent", "Republican", "Independent", "Independent", "Democrat", "Republican", "Republican", "Democrat", "Democrat", "Independent", "Independent"), ) df$party <- as.factor(df$party) df$age <- as.numeric(df$age) boxplot(df$party) # gives same error boxplot(df$age) #runs
see ?boxplot
for examples on using formulas in the boxplot function, as that may be what you are looking for? For example:
boxplot(df$age~df$party)
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