Get which template being in use within WordPress-admin

Basically this isn’t available in admin. You can take a look at my profile, go to my github page and grab the “current admin info” plugin. But this won’t help you much.

This would show you the template name:

get_page_template_slug( get_queried_object_id() );

On the front end you can use the following plugin, that will display that info (it’s from another question).

<?php
/** Plugin Name: (#10537) »kaiser« Get Template file name */

if ( ! class_exists( 'wpse10537_template_name' ) )
{
    add_action( 'plugins_loaded', array( 'wpse10537_template_name', 'init' ) );

class wpse10537_template_name
{
    protected static $instance;

    public $stack;

    public static function init()
    {
        is_null( self :: $instance ) AND self :: $instance = new self;
        return self :: $instance;
    }

    public function __construct()
    {
        if ( is_admin() )
            return;

        add_action( 'wp', array( $this, 'is_parent_template' ), 0 );
        add_action( 'wp', array( $this, 'get_template_file' ) );
        add_action( 'template_include', array( $this, 'get_template_name' ) );
        add_action( 'wp_footer', array( $this, 'get_template_name' ), 100 );
    }

    public function get_template_name( $file )
    {
        if ( 'template_include' === current_filter() )
        {
            $this->to_stack(
                 "Template file"
                ,basename( $file )
            );
            return $file;
        }

        // Return static var on echo call outside of filter
        if (
            current_user_can( 'manage_options' )
            AND defined( 'WP_DEBUG' )
            AND WP_DEBUG 
            )
        {
            return printf(
                 '<div><p style="text-align:center;">%s</p></div>'
                ,implode( " &ndash; ", $this->stack )
            );
        }
    }

    public function get_template_file()
    {
        if ( ! is_post_type_hierarchical( get_post_type() ) )
            return;

        $slug = get_page_template_slug( get_queried_object_id() );
        if ( ! strstr( $slug, "https://wordpress.stackexchange.com/" ) )
            return $this->to_stack( "Template", $slug );

        // Subdirectory info
        $this->to_stack(
             "Subdirectory"
            ,strstr( $slug, "https://wordpress.stackexchange.com/", true )
        );

        $this->to_stack(
             "Template (in subdirectory)"
            ,str_replace( "https://wordpress.stackexchange.com/", "", strstr( $slug, "https://wordpress.stackexchange.com/" ) )
        );
    }

    public function is_parent_template()
    {
        if ( ! is_null( wp_get_theme()->parent ) )
            return $this->to_stack( 'from parent theme' );

        $this->to_stack( 'from current/child theme' );
    }

    public function to_stack( $part, $item = '' )
    {
        $this->stack[] = "{$part}: {$item}";
    }
} // END Class wpse10537_template_name

} // endif;

If all this doesn’t help as starting point, then please take a look at all the related answers.