How to add div blocks after certain set of post

use % to set the template(style) or you can use :nth-child(16n+1) …

<?php if (have_posts()) : ?>
<?php $count = 0; ?>
<?php $st = 16; //after how many blocks you want to repeat the pattern 
<?php while (have_posts()) : the_post(); ?>
<?php $count++; ?>
<?php if ($count%$st == 1) : ?>
<div class="style-1"><?php the_content(); ?></div>
<?php elseif ($count%$st == 2 || $count%$st == 3) : ?>
<div class="style-2"><?php the_content(); ?></div>
<?php elseif ($count%$st == 4 || $count%$st == 5 || $count%$st == 6) : ?>
<div class="style-3"><?php the_content(); ?></div>
<?php elseif ($count%$st == 7 || $count%$st == 8 || $count%$st == 9 || $count%$st == 10) : ?>
<div class="style-4"><?php the_content(); ?></div>
<?php elseif ($count%$st == 11 || $count%$st == 12 || $count%$st == 13 || $count%$st == 14 || $count%$st == 15 ) : ?>
<div class="style-5"><?php the_content(); ?></div>
<?php elseif ($count%$st == 0 ) : ?>
<div class="style-6"><?php the_content(); ?></div>
<?php endif; ?>
<?php endwhile; ?>

or (I’m not sure if I understand what you need)

<?php if($count % $st == 0){?>
// do your code
<?php }?> 
//continue with your loop code

Try this code

    <?php if (have_posts()) :
    $count = 0;
    while (have_posts()) : the_post();
        $count++;
        if ($count  == 1) : ?> <!--first box -->
            <div class="style-1"><?php the_content(); ?>
        <?php elseif ($count  > 1 && $count  <5) : ?></div> <!--next three boxes -->
            <div class="style-2"><?php the_content(); ?></div>
        <?php elseif ($count  == 5) : ?> <!-- box five and break div -->
            <div class="style-2"><?php the_content(); ?></div>
            <div class="first-break-div"><?php /* the content from first break div */ ?></div>
        <?php elseif ($count >5 && $count < 11) : ?> <!--next five boxes -->
            <div class="style-3"><?php the_content(); ?></div>
        <?php elseif ($count == 12) : ?> <!--last box and last break div -->
            <div class="style-3"><?php the_content(); ?></div>
            <div class="last-break-div"><?php /* the content from last break div */ ?></div>
        <?php endif;
    endwhile;
endif; ?>

This was my output

<div class="style-1"></div>
<div class="style-2"></div>
<div class="style-2"></div>
<div class="style-2"></div>
<div class="style-2"></div>
<div class="first-break-div"></div>
<div class="style-3"></div>
<div class="style-3"></div>
<div class="style-3"></div>
<div class="style-3"></div>
<div class="style-3"></div>
<div class="style-3"></div>
<div class="last-break-div"></div>