How to parse multiple links from one variable?

I would look into this question here https://stackoverflow.com/questions/36564293/extract-urls-from-a-string-using-php

You could use the above link detection to do something like this in your shortcode:

<?php
function pods_current_user($atts) {
   extract(shortcode_atts(array(
      'currUser' => get_current_user_id(),
   ), $atts)); 
   extract(shortcode_atts(array(
    'field' => "display_name",
 ), $atts)); 


    $message = do_shortcode('[pods name="user" where="ID = '.$currUser.'"] {@'.$field.'}[/pods]');

    preg_match_all('#\bhttps?://[^,\s()<>]+(?:\([\w\d]+\)|([^,[:punct:]\s]|/))#', $message, $match);

    // Do something with your links via the $match array.

    return $message;
 }
add_shortcode('getShortCode', 'pods_current_user');