Images not showing and plugins not installing on wordpress server move

First thing I would do:

In your wp-config.php file, hardcode your new site URL by entering

define('WP_SITEURL', 'http://www.example.com');
define('WP_HOME', 'http://www.example.com'); 

After that, have a look at the source code of your pages including images, and verify how the URLs of the the images look like. If they are wrong (relative to localhost?), you may have to run a little search/replace on your database.