Media Library is not loading on grid view in admin panel

I ran into a similar issue with the same symptoms. What I determined was in my theme’s function.php there was a DEBUG statement that output some html. While this was fine for browsing, when the POST request came into admin-ajax.php to refresh the thumbnails, it was causing the infinite spinning wheel and not showing images. I removed the output from functions.php and problem was resolved.

Not sure if this will work for you, but I found the issue by using the following command:

curl -X POST http://YOUR_DOMAIN_NAME_HERE/wp-admin/admin-ajax.php -d 'action=query-attachments&post_id=0&query[orderby]=date&query[order]=DESC&query[post_per_page]=40&query[paged]=1'