Searching for meta_key returns 0 posts

To narrow down the possible causes I’d strongly recommend using a debugging plugin on your development server, like Query Monitor, so you can see the SQL being generated by your query. Alternatively check the request property of your $wp_query object.

It’s always possible, if you only recently installed the plugin, that there aren’t any posts with that post meta. Looking at WP-PostViews’ source code and testing it myself I’ve found it only adds or updates the view post meta when a post/page is published or when it’s visited. As such, any posts/pages created before the plugin was installed that haven’t been viewed since will have no post meta. If you’ve been on the admin end of your dev server this entire time then it’s possible there legitimately are no posts with any views post meta. If you check the wp_postmeta column of your WP install you can check this for yourself.