There must be a space between if and [, like this:
#!/bin/bash
#test file exists
FILE="1"
if [ -e "$FILE" ]; then
if [ -f "$FILE" ]; then
echo :"$FILE is a regular file"
fi
...
These (and their combinations) would all be incorrect too:
if [-e "$FILE" ]; then if [ -e"$FILE" ]; then if [ -e "$FILE"]; then
These on the other hand are all ok:
if [ -e "$FILE" ];then # no spaces around ; if [ -e "$FILE" ] ; then # 1 or more spaces are ok
Btw these are equivalent:
if [ -e "$FILE" ]; then if test -e "$FILE"; then
These are also equivalent:
if [ -e "$FILE" ]; then echo exists; fi [ -e "$FILE" ] && echo exists test -e "$FILE" && echo exists
And, the middle part of your script would have been better with an elif like this:
if [ -f "$FILE" ]; then
echo $FILE is a regular file
elif [ -d "$FILE" ]; then
echo $FILE is a directory
fi
(I also dropped the quotes in the echo, as in this example they are unnecessary)