Solved.. I did it in 2 steps and it works perfectly!
if(isset ($_POST['new_title']) && $_POST['new_title'] != "")
{
$post_type = get_post_type( get_the_ID() );
$id_post = get_the_ID();
$title = get_field('titre');
$postInfo = array(
'post_type' => $post_type,
'ID' => $id_post
);
$id = wp_update_post($postInfo);
update_post_meta( $id, 'titre', $_POST['new_title'] );
$new_title = $_POST['new_title'];
$new_elem = array(
'post_type' => $post_type,
'ID' => $id_post,
'post_title' => $new_title
);
wp_update_post($new_elem);
}