The list you are referring to was done start to mid 2013, which can be a bit outdated as the was major improvements/new feutures like
-
The TINYMCE editor undergone major modifications and upgrades as from version 3.9
-
Version 4 saw the introduction of new shortcodes like the video shortcode and audio playlist, just to name a few
-
In the back end plenty of new features saw the light
-
The introduction of new features/functions/template tags like pagination functions that came with version 4.1
So, in my opinion, there can never be a completed list of all the classes used in WordPress by default. The best is, dig into core
Here are few places you can start (CAVEAT: This is not by any means a complete list, but just some of the major functions/etc. This list and references are for the current verion of WordPress which is 4.1)
-
navigation menu classes – see wp-includes/nav-menu.php
-
default widget classes – see wp-includes/default-widgets.php
-
WYSIWYG editor classes – see wp-includes/class-wp-editor.php
-
Several shortcode classes – see wp-includes/media.php