The difference here is that
char *s = "Hello world";
will place "Hello world" in the read-only parts of the memory, and making s a pointer to that makes any writing operation on this memory illegal.
While doing:
char s[] = "Hello world";
puts the literal string in read-only memory and copies the string to newly allocated memory on the stack. Thus making
s[0] = 'J';
legal.
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