As mentioned above, this link can help you on your way:
http://codex.wordpress.org/Post_Thumbnails
You need to add thumnail sizes to your functions.php like:
the_post_thumbnail(); // without parameter -> Thumbnail
the_post_thumbnail('thumbnail'); // Thumbnail (default 150px x 150px max)
the_post_thumbnail('medium'); // Medium resolution (default 300px x 300px max)
the_post_thumbnail('large'); // Large resolution (default 640px x 640px max)
the_post_thumbnail('full'); // Original image resolution (unmodified)
the_post_thumbnail( array(100,100) ); // Other resolutions
Then in your theme template within the loop where you call your image (for example loop.php), you need to change your image code into:
<?php if(has_post_thumbnail()) { the_post_thumbnail('thumbnail'); ?> // which will get you an image of 150x150