Can I change the contents of a description meta tag generated by Yoast?

Take a look at WordPress SEO API Docs it appears you can modify the meta description tag will somthing like:

add_filter('wpseo_metadesc', function($description){
    if ($wtv_language == 'wtv') {
        $description = "my other language meta description here";
    }
    return $description;
});

Note that $wtv_language == 'wtv' would need to be replaced with whatever function/variable you’re using to detect your language – and "my other language... would need to be replaced with a dynamic translated value, so each page gets a proper translated description, however you plan to do that.