Create a Link to Larger Image from within list of smaller images

Just use wp_get_attachment_image_src 2 times, to retrieve the 2 sizes:

function display_images_in_list($size="thumbnail", $fullsize="full") {

    //.. previous function code is good ...

    foreach($images as $image) {
       $th = wp_get_attachment_image_src($image->ID, $size);
       $full = wp_get_attachment_image_src($image->ID, $fullsize );
       printf(
         '<a href="https://wordpress.stackexchange.com/questions/114265/%s"><img src="https://wordpress.stackexchange.com/questions/114265/%s" width="%d" height="%d" alt="https://wordpress.stackexchange.com/questions/114265/%s" /></a>',
         $full[0], $th[0], $th[1], $th[2], esc_attr( $image->post_title )
       );
    }
  }
}

the use the function like this:

<?php display_images_in_list('ca_thumb-large', 'recipe-full'); ?>