Custom Logo Link WordPress

Try to do some debugging, parent theme may be causing this issue, especially if your code is not showing errors.

Remove the parent filter get_custom_logo https://developer.wordpress.org/reference/functions/remove_filter/

If you filter works then it could be sign of priority issue.

$priority
(int) (Optional) Used to specify the order in which the functions associated with a particular filter are executed. Lower numbers correspond with earlier execution, and functions with the same priority are executed in the order in which they were added to the filter.
Default value: 10

https://developer.wordpress.org/reference/functions/add_filter/