2nd October 2020: note that many bare-bones approaches are fraught with subtle bugs (eg. whitespace, implicit partial parsing, radix, coercion of arrays etc.) that many of the answers here fail to take into account. The following implementation might work for you, but note that it does not cater for number separators other than the decimal point “.“:
function isNumeric(str) {
if (typeof str != "string") return false // we only process strings!
return !isNaN(str) && // use type coercion to parse the _entirety_ of the string (`parseFloat` alone does not do this)...
!isNaN(parseFloat(str)) // ...and ensure strings of whitespace fail
}
To check if a variable (including a string) is a number, check if it is not a number:
This works regardless of whether the variable content is a string or number.
isNaN(num) // returns true if the variable does NOT contain a valid number
Examples
isNaN(123) // false
isNaN('123') // false
isNaN('1e10000') // false (This translates to Infinity, which is a number)
isNaN('foo') // true
isNaN('10px') // true
isNaN('') // false
isNaN(' ') // false
isNaN(false) // false
Of course, you can negate this if you need to. For example, to implement the IsNumeric example you gave:
function isNumeric(num){
return !isNaN(num)
}
To convert a string containing a number into a number:
Only works if the string only contains numeric characters, else it returns NaN.
+num // returns the numeric value of the string, or NaN
// if the string isn't purely numeric characters
Examples
+'12' // 12 +'12.' // 12 +'12..' // NaN +'.12' // 0.12 +'..12' // NaN +'foo' // NaN +'12px' // NaN
To convert a string loosely to a number
Useful for converting ’12px’ to 12, for example:
parseInt(num) // extracts a numeric value from the
// start of the string, or NaN.
Examples
parseInt('12') // 12
parseInt('aaa') // NaN
parseInt('12px') // 12
parseInt('foo2') // NaN These last three may
parseInt('12a5') // 12 be different from what
parseInt('0x10') // 16 you expected to see.
Floats
Bear in mind that, unlike +num, parseInt (as the name suggests) will convert a float into an integer by chopping off everything following the decimal point (if you want to use parseInt() because of this behaviour, you’re probably better off using another method instead):
+'12.345' // 12.345
parseInt(12.345) // 12
parseInt('12.345') // 12
Empty strings
Empty strings may be a little counter-intuitive. +num converts empty strings or strings with spaces to zero, and isNaN() assumes the same:
+'' // 0
+' ' // 0
isNaN('') // false
isNaN(' ') // false
But parseInt() does not agree:
parseInt('') // NaN
parseInt(' ') // NaN