How to disable WordPress Media resize different size version?

WordPress has some standard images thumbnail,medium,medium_large,large for which image sizes you can set it under Settings --> Media except medium_large size whose default height set to 768px ( medium_large is available from WP4.4).

So when you set 0 to in the media settings it won’t generate thumbnail,medium size,large size images and it didn’t as far as I can see from your generated sizes. So the generated images are added by the active theme or plugins you are having.

Anyway we can remove those image sizes using the following code.

function wpse_230632_remove_image_sizes() {
    foreach ( get_intermediate_image_sizes() as $size ) {
        remove_image_size( $size );
    }
}
add_action('init', 'wpse_230632_remove_image_sizes');

One thing remained and that is medium_large size, for this:

We need to set medium_large_size_w and medium_large_size_h to 0 .
You can set this in db directly or update option once like this:

update_option('medium_large_size_w',0);
update_option('medium_large_size_h',0);

Now try to upload sample image and check image sizes, you will only see original image.