How to override parent theme template files?

Core WordPress templates (listed here) can be overwritten by placing them in the child theme (because WordPress itself loads them it knows to do it in a child theme friendly way). Any other template files your theme might be using can only be overwritten if they’re included using the correct template functions, like get_template_part(), which will check child themes for files first. If the parent theme is using a generic include to include template files, you won’t be able to replace them in a child theme. That’s something you’d need to take up with the author