How to properly escape a translated string?

WordPress has a baked in solution:

esc_html__( string $text, string $domain = 'default' )

You can use that to replace __() and __x() but the second one looks for contextual translations where you specify the context for the string being translated.

The codex for it is right here:
https://developer.wordpress.org/reference/functions/esc_html__/

error code: 523