WordPress Multisite has been designed to handle this kind of situation. That would be ideal choice as both the sites use the same domain.
Checkout Multisite table overview. For multisite, the following tables are global to all sites meaning there will be only one table which will be shared among all sites.
-
wp_blogs
-
wp_blog_versions
-
wp_registration_log
-
wp_signups
-
wp_site
-
wp_sitecategories
-
wp_sitemeta
-
wp_users
-
wp_usermeta
Site Specific Tables
When a new additional site is created, the site-specific tables, similar to the stand-alone tables above, are created. Each set of tables for a site are created with the site ID (blog_id) as part of the table name. These are the tables that would be created for site ID 2 and table_prefix wp_:
-
wp_2_commentmeta
-
wp_2_comments
-
wp_2_links
-
wp_2_options
-
wp_2_postmeta
-
wp_2_posts
-
wp_2_terms
-
wp_2_term_relationships
-
wp_2_term_taxonomy
From the table structure it’s apparent that content will be separate for all sites under multisite. They only share common registration, user information etc.