If you are not moving to a different domain name, the file path shouldn’t really matter.
Try these first:
- Made a copy of your original backup bd
- Open the new copy and search/replace example.com/ to example.com/blog/
This should get you going no matter what server setup you have.
If it doesn’t, and you already have a fresh install on the right place, open that copy file on a good pure-text editor (not MS Word) and remove the part that starts with:
--
-- Table structure for table `wp_options`
--
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `wp_options`;
up until the last line before the next table, probably:
-- --------------------------------------------------------
--
-- Table structure for table `wp_postmeta`
--
Do the same for the tables wp_users and wp_usermeta.
Save yet another copy of the file and upload the new one. You should get all of your posts/comments/links/etc back inside the fresh install. You can then install any themes and plugins from scratch and pick up where you left of.