setup.py is a python file, the presence of which is an indication that the module/package you are about to install has likely been packaged and distributed with Distutils, which is the standard for distributing Python Modules. This allows you to easily install Python packages. Often it’s enough to write: pip will use setup.py to install … Read more
This happens if you are trying to open a file, but your path is a folder. This can happen easily by mistake. To defend against that, use: The assertion will fail if the path is actually of a folder.
ou’re mixing different format functions. The old-style % formatting uses % codes for formatting: The new-style {} formatting uses {} codes and the .format method Note that with old-style formatting, you have to specify multiple arguments using a tuple: In your case, since you’re using {} format specifiers, use .format:
list() converts the iterable passed to it to a list. If the itertable is already a list then a shallow copy is returned, i.e only the outermost container is new rest of the objects are still the same.
If you look at the docs for bytes, it points you to bytearray: bytearray([source[, encoding[, errors]]]) Return a new array of bytes. The bytearray type is a mutable sequence of integers in the range 0 <= x < 256. It has most of the usual methods of mutable sequences, described in Mutable Sequence Types, as well as … Read more
If you look at the docs for bytes, it points you to bytearray: bytearray([source[, encoding[, errors]]]) Return a new array of bytes. The bytearray type is a mutable sequence of integers in the range 0 <= x < 256. It has most of the usual methods of mutable sequences, described in Mutable Sequence Types, as well as … Read more
This is a classic mistake. i in your case is already an element from array (i.e. another list), not an index of array (not an int), so You can check the Python tutorial. Also, try doing this: And see what you get! Also I would advise to stick to naming conventions: variables are normally lower-case (volume, not Volume). In this case i is misleading. row or elem would be much more suitable.
When you are using a virtualenv, you can specify a requirements.txt file to install all the dependencies. A typical usage: The packages need to be in a specific format for pip to understand, which is That is the “requirements format”. Here, django==1.4.2 implies install django version 1.4.2 (even though the latest is 1.6.x). If you … Read more
There are two functions that give an object’s string representation, repr() and str(). The former is designed to convert the object to as-code string, while the latter gives user-friendly string. When you input the variable name in the command line, repr() is used, and \n character is shown as \n (as-code). When you use print, … Read more
It’s quite common to have a layout like this… …with a mymodule.py like this… …a myothermodule.py like this… …and a main.py like this… …which works fine when you run main.py or mypackage/mymodule.py, but fails with mypackage/myothermodule.py, due to the relative import… The way you’re supposed to run it is… …but it’s somewhat verbose, and doesn’t mix well with a shebang line like #!/usr/bin/env python3. The simplest … Read more