How do I grep recursively?

The first parameter represents the regular expression to search for, while the second one represents the directory that should be searched. In this case, . means the current directory. Note: This works for GNU grep, and on some platforms like Solaris you must specifically use GNU grep as opposed to legacy implementation. For Solaris this … Read more

How do I grep recursively?

The first parameter represents the regular expression to search for, while the second one represents the directory that should be searched. In this case, . means the current directory. Note: This works for GNU grep, and on some platforms like Solaris you must specifically use GNU grep as opposed to legacy implementation. For Solaris this … Read more

In the shell, what does ” 2>&1 ” mean?

File descriptor 1 is the standard output (stdout).File descriptor 2 is the standard error (stderr). Here is one way to remember this construct (although it is not entirely accurate): at first, 2>1 may look like a good way to redirect stderr to stdout. However, it will actually be interpreted as “redirect stderr to a file … Read more

Why does ENOENT mean “No such file or directory”?

It’s an abbreviation of Error NO ENTry (or Error NO ENTity), and can actually be used for more than files/directories. It’s abbreviated because C compilers at the dawn of time didn’t support more than 8 characters in symbols.

What is newline character — ‘\n’

From the sed man page: Normally, sed cyclically copies a line of input, not including its terminating newline character, into a pattern space, (unless there is something left after a “D” function), applies all of the commands with addresses that select that pattern space, copies the pattern space to the standard output, appending a newline, and deletes … Read more

How to pretty print XML from the command line?

This utility comes with libxml2-utils: Perl’s XML::Twig This command comes with XML::Twig perl module, sometimes xml-twig-tools package: xmlstarlet This command comes with xmlstarlet: tidy Check the tidy package: Python Python’s xml.dom.minidom can format XML (works also on legacy python2): saxon-lint You need saxon-lint: saxon-HE You need saxon-HE:

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