This is not the best solution, but it can be considered as a starting point
add_filter('sanitize_file_name', 'filter_function_name_11', 10, 2);
function filter_function_name_11($filename, $filename_raw) {
$pos = strripos($filename, 'example');
if ($pos === false) {
wp_die();
} else {
return $filename;
}
}