Using WordPress for a site’s static marketing pages and blog at different URLs

This is very simple and can be accomplished all through the admin interface.

First, create pages named Home and Blog under Pages.

Then go to Settings > Reading, and under Front page displays, set Front page to your Home page, and Posts page to your Blog page.

Next, under Settings > Permalinks, Select Custom Structure and enter /blog/%postname%/.

If you also want category and tag permalinks to contain blog, you can set those to blog/category and blog/tag.