What’s wrong with this meta query? (order by meta key, then title, doesn’t work)

I think the problem is that you have multiple meta values so your order by should be more targeted, like this.

$args['orderby'] = array(
    'mp_exists'     => 'ASC',
    'mp_not_exists' => 'ASC',
    'title'         => 'ASC'
);

I don’t know by what meta you want to order so I added both of them, remove as necessary.