Why can’t I enter the wordpress admin interface?

The error message you see points to this part within the wp-login.php file:

setcookie( TEST_COOKIE, 'WP Cookie check', 0, SITECOOKIEPATH, COOKIE_DOMAIN, $secure );

to its “path”, which is the 4th parameter:

SITECOOKIEPATH

If you check how that constant is defined, that is:

define( 'SITECOOKIEPATH', preg_replace( '|https?://[^/]+|i', '', get_option( 'siteurl' ) . "https://wordpress.stackexchange.com/" ) );

meaning the “siteurl” option of WordPress defines it, which would come from your admin area Settings -> General -> WordPress Address (URL). This is stored within the [prefix]_options database table, so that is where you should try to fix your url: option_name -> siteurl