WordPress.org UI: How do you make Bulleted/Numbered Lists indent by default?

Since you are using your own installation of WordPress you have a greater ability to make changes.

If you open your post in the browser and right click on your bullet point (list item), and select Inspect you should be able to see the element, (in this case ol and also li) and see how they are being styled.

example bullet points screenshot

clicking on inspect

seeing styling being done to elements

You can also see what stylesheet is doing the styling. Chances are, the formatting is getting overridden by the theme or by a plugin. (in my case nothing is overriding and it is working)

Once you know what stylesheet is doing the styling you can go in and change it (dangerous) or play it safe and put !important in your style. To do that you could go into the Dashboard, then Appearance, then Customize, and finally Additional CSS. There you could add your desired styles for ol, ul, and li.

For example you may want
li {margin-left: 16px !important;}
By putting !important it should override anything else that is interfering.

enter image description here

Save your changes and reload your page to verify you have overridden any other styling.