ACF: How to query for a given value count of an array like field? (e.g.: How many rows has a `flexible_content` field?)

This isn’t possible using WP_Query, you can’t query the insides of structured data stored in a single post meta value.

At best you can use regular expressions, or do math/boolean comparisons, you can even do LIKE comparisons, but these are all string operations.

If you need to query structured data such as objects or arrays, then the data needs breaking apart into multiple separate post meta values.

At the end of the day, post meta values are just strings of text as far as the database is concerned. You can cast them to a different basic data type such as a date or number, but that’s it.