Adding the_date inside tags around the_content

You could use the the_content filter, like below (untested). The only thing is, that will add the date pretty much everywhere that your posts show up on your site, unless you add some logic to determine where it’s being called from. If that’s OK, give it a shot.

add_filter('the_content', 'add_post_date');
function add_post_date($content) {
    global $post;
    return get_the_time('F j - ', $post->ID) . $content;
}