How to access current discussion settings in gutenberg via JS?

I finally found it out. You can access current comment settings by using

wp.data.select('core/editor').getEditedPostAttribute('comment_status')

So the complete solution is:

function isCommentsEnabledInBlockEditor() {
    return wp.data.select('core/editor').getEditedPostAttribute('comment_status') === 'open';
}

function registerPublishBtnHandler() {
    const publishBtnArray = document.getElementsByClassName("editor-post-publish-button__button");
    if (publishBtnArray && publishBtnArray.length > 0) {
        const publishBtn = publishBtnArray[0];
        if (publishBtn) {
            publishBtn.addEventListener("click", function (e) {
                if (!isCommentsEnabledInBlockEditor()) {
                    if (!confirm("Comments are disabled. Still publish?")) {
                        e.preventDefault();
                        e.stopPropagation();
                    }
                }
            });
        }
    }
}

window.addEventListener('load', function () {
    registerPublishBtnHandler();
});