Don’t add links, no need for HTML in there:
How about this:
$anchor = esc_html_x( 'Google', 'link text for google.com', 'txt-domain' );
$domain = esc_url( __( 'google.com', 'txt-domain' ) );
$link = sprintf( '<a href="https://%s">%s</a>', $domain, $anchor );