How to filter link?

You have invalid PHP (which should have been obvious from the PHP error log).

function review_link_custom( $link, get_the_ID(), $review_link, $instance['cwp_tp_readreview'] ) {

Functions can have neither other functions nor array+key as an argument, you can only specify the name for an argument passed. Also, when adding a filter you have to specify how many arguments are passed to it (default is 2 – you have 4, so it needs to be explicitly specified). Try something like this instead

add_filter( 'wppr_widget_style1_readreview_link', 'review_link_custom', 10, 4 );
function review_link_custom( $link, $id, $review_link, $cwp_tp_readreview ) {
    $link   = "<a href="https://wordpress.stackexchange.com/questions/274220/{$review_link}" rel="nofollow" target="_self" class="wppr-bttn">" . __( $cwp_tp_readreview, 'cwppos' ) . '</a>';
    return $link;
}