As mentioned in the comments under your question, some data in the WordPress database is serialized and therefore not possible to change with a simple find and replace.
You should read through the Moving WordPress section of the codex. Specifically the Changing Your Domain Name and URLs portion. I usually use a plugin or a command line tool depending on what’s available to me.
Plugin:
Better Search Replace is a useful plugin recommended in the entry above. There are other plugins that will do the same things but this is my preference. Some features that I enjoy are:
- Support for serialized data.
- The ability to select single or multiple tables.
- A “dry run” feature to test and verify your changes before actually performing them.
- Very few server requirements (all you need is a WP instance.)
CLI Tool:
Another option that handles serialized data is the WP-CLI’s search-replace tool. This option is used from the command line via something like SSH and requires the wp-cli to be installed on the server. You can take a look at the docs for all available options and examples but the basic usage is:
# Search for old domain name and replace it with a new one
$ wp search-replace 'http://old.example.dev' 'http://new.example.com'