How to update WordPress custom SQL Select query for custom taxonomies so that syntax is correct?

You should not use a direct SQL query, instead try the WP_Query tax queries e.g.:

$args = array(
    'post_type' => 'post',
    'tax_query' => array(
        'relation' => 'AND',
        array(
            'taxonomy' => 'category',
            'field' => 'id',
            'terms' => array( 22 )
        ),
        array(
            'taxonomy' => 'job',
            'field' => 'name',
            'terms' => $terms,
            'operator' => 'IN'
        )
    )
);
$query = new WP_Query( $args );

Where $terms is an array of term names.