Link post to blog from a static page

Welcome to WordPress! I’m going to assume you’re creating your first theme. I would start by reading about The Loop http://codex.wordpress.org/The_Loop which is a crucial concept for WordPress themes.

If you designed your homepage within the WordPress admin by going to Pages, adding a new page, and putting your static homepage markup in the content body of the post then there is nothing you can do as dynamic logic using PHP is done in the theme of a site.