Open the_author_link() in a new window

Yes, you have to get the url by user’s meta:

<?php
if ( get_the_author_meta('url') ) {
    // Author has website url
    $author_url = get_the_author_meta('url');
} else {
    // Author doesn't have website url, so get Author Posts Page
    $author_url = get_author_posts_url( get_the_author_meta('ID') );
}
?>
<a href="https://wordpress.stackexchange.com/questions/273597/<?php echo $author_url; ?>" target="_blank">Author's website</a>