Difference between paste() and paste0()

As explained in this blog by Tyler Rinker: paste has 3 arguments. paste (…, sep = ” “, collapse = NULL) The … is the stuff you want to paste together and sep and collapse are the guys to get it done. There are three basic things I paste together: A bunch of individual character strings. 2 or more strings … Read more

Categories R

PowerShell says “execution of scripts is disabled on this system.”

If you’re using Windows Server 2008 R2 then there is an x64 and x86 version of PowerShell both of which have to have their execution policies set. Did you set the execution policy on both hosts? As an Administrator, you can set the execution policy by typing this into your PowerShell window: For more information, see Using the Set-ExecutionPolicy Cmdlet. When you are … Read more

grep –ignore-case –only

This is a known bug on the initial 2.5.1, and has been fixed in early 2007 (Redhat 2.5.1-5) according to the bug reports. Unfortunately Apple is still using 2.5.1 even on Mac OS X 10.7.2. You could get a newer version via Homebrew (3.0) or MacPorts (2.26) or fink (3.0-1). Edit: Apparently it has been fixed on OS X 10.11 (or maybe earlier), even … Read more

What are type hints in Python 3.5?

I would suggest reading PEP 483 and PEP 484 and watching this presentation by Guido on type hinting. In a nutshell: Type hinting is literally what the words mean. You hint the type of the object(s) you’re using. Due to the dynamic nature of Python, inferring or checking the type of an object being used is especially hard. This fact makes it hard for developers to understand what … Read more

How do I parse command line arguments in Bash?

Bash Space-Separated (e.g., –option argument) Output from copy-pasting the block above Usage Bash Equals-Separated (e.g., –option=argument) Output from copy-pasting the block above Usage To better understand ${i#*=} search for “Substring Removal” in this guide. It is functionally equivalent to `sed ‘s/[^=]*=//’ <<< “$i”` which calls a needless subprocess or `echo “$i” | sed ‘s/[^=]*=//’` which calls two needless subprocesses. Using bash with getopt[s] getopt(1) limitations (older, … Read more

C++ Singleton design pattern

In 2008 I provided a C++98 implementation of the Singleton design pattern that is lazy-evaluated, guaranteed-destruction, not-technically-thread-safe:Can any one provide me a sample of Singleton in c++? Here is an updated C++11 implementation of the Singleton design pattern that is lazy-evaluated, correctly-destroyed, and thread-safe. See this article about when to use a singleton: (not often)Singleton: How … Read more