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The arguments you are using are wrong. They should be:

$args = array(
            'numberposts' => '10',
            'post_type'   => 'post',
            'post_status' =>'publish',
            'tax_query'   => array(
                'taxonomy' => 'category',
                'field' => 'id',
                'terms' => array( 10, 11, 57 ),
                'operator' => 'NOT IN',
            )
 );

Or shorter:

$args = array(
            'numberposts'        => '10',
            'post_type'          => 'post',
            'post_status'        => 'publish',
            'category__not_in'   => array( 10, 11, 57 )
 );