In this case, your array variable arr can actually also be treated as a pointer to the beginning of your array’s block in memory, by an implicit conversion. This syntax that you’re using: Is kind of just syntactic sugar. You could really replace it with this and it would still work: So in the same … Read more
What are you using to compile this? If there’s an undefined reference error, usually it’s because the .o file (which gets created from the .cpp file) doesn’t exist and your compiler/build system is not able to link it. Also, in your card.cpp, the function should be Card::Card() instead of void Card. The Card:: is scoping; … Read more
The differences between a class and a struct in C++ is: struct members and base classes/structs are public by default. class members and base classes/struts are private by default. Both classes and structs can have a mixture of public, protected and private members, can use inheritance and can have member functions. I would recommend you: … Read more
This error often means that some function has a declaration, but not a definition. Example: In your case, the definition cannot be found. The issue could be that you are including a header file, which brings in some function declarations, but you either: do not define the functions in your cpp file (if you wrote … Read more
How does passing a statically allocated array by reference work? Does (&myArray)[100] have any meaning or its just a syntax to pass any array by reference? I don’t understand separate parenthesis followed by big brackets here. Thanks.
Variables: static variables exist for the “lifetime” of the translation unit that it’s defined in, and: If it’s in a namespace scope (i.e. outside of functions and classes), then it can’t be accessed from any other translation unit. This is known as “internal linkage” or “static storage duration”. (Don’t do this in headers except for … Read more
It’s a pointer, so instead try: Basically the operator . (used to access an object’s fields and methods) is used on objects and references, so: If you have a pointer type, you have to dereference it first to obtain a reference: The a->b notation is usually just a shorthand for (*a).b. A note on smart … Read more
This operation: determines if A is not equal to B. If they’re not equal, it evaluates to true. If they are equal, it evaluates to false. It’s just a boolean comparison operation. This operation: is not a boolean comparison. It sets the value of A to the negated value of B. (When used in this … Read more
If you have a C++11 compiler, I would suggest using a range-based for-loop (see below); or else use an iterator. But you have several options, all of which I will explain in what follows. range-based for-loop (C++11) In C++11 (and later) you can use the new range-based for-loop, which looks like this: The type char … Read more
The compiler is allowed to make one implicit conversion to resolve the parameters to a function. What this means is that the compiler can use constructors callable with a single parameter to convert from one type to another in order to get the right type for a parameter. Here’s an example class with a constructor … Read more