How can I sort a dictionary by key?

Standard Python dictionaries are unordered (until Python 3.7). Even if you sorted the (key,value) pairs, you wouldn’t be able to store them in a dict in a way that would preserve the ordering. The easiest way is to use OrderedDict, which remembers the order in which the elements have been inserted: Never mind the way od is printed out; it’ll … Read more

Simple dictionary in C++

If you are into optimization, and assuming the input is always one of the four characters, the function below might be worth a try as a replacement for the map: It works based on the fact that you are dealing with two symmetric pairs. The conditional works to tell apart the A/T pair from the … Read more

How do I merge two dictionaries in a single expression (taking union of dictionaries)?

How can I merge two Python dictionaries in a single expression? For dictionaries x and y, z becomes a shallowly-merged dictionary with values from y replacing those from x. In Python 3.9.0 or greater (released 17 October 2020): PEP-584, discussed here, was implemented and provides the simplest method: z = x | y # NOTE: … Read more

Converting dictionary to JSON

json.dumps() converts a dictionary to str object, not a json(dict) object! So you have to load your str into a dict to use it by using json.loads() method See json.dumps() as a save method and json.loads() as a retrieve method. This is the code sample which might help you understand it more: