What could cause java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException?

You’ve added an extra level of abstraction by calling the method with reflection. The reflection layer wraps any exception in an InvocationTargetException, which lets you tell the difference between an exception actually caused by a failure in the reflection call (maybe your argument list wasn’t valid, for example) and a failure within the method called. Just unwrap the … Read more

How can I safely create a nested directory in Python?

On Python ≥ 3.5, use pathlib.Path.mkdir: For older versions of Python, I see two answers with good qualities, each with a small flaw, so I will give my take on it: Try os.path.exists, and consider os.makedirs for the creation. As noted in comments and elsewhere, there’s a race condition – if the directory is created between the os.path.exists and the os.makedirs calls, the os.makedirs will … Read more

Stack smashing detected

Stack Smashing here is actually caused due to a protection mechanism used by gcc to detect buffer overflow errors. For example in the following snippet: The compiler, (in this case gcc) adds protection variables (called canaries) which have known values. An input string of size greater than 10 causes corruption of this variable resulting in … Read more

Stack smashing detected

Stack Smashing here is actually caused due to a protection mechanism used by gcc to detect buffer overflow errors. For example in the following snippet: The compiler, (in this case gcc) adds protection variables (called canaries) which have known values. An input string of size greater than 10 causes corruption of this variable resulting in … Read more

Why does this iterative list-growing code give IndexError: list assignment index out of range?

j is an empty list, but you’re attempting to write to element [0] in the first iteration, which doesn’t exist yet. Try the following instead, to add a new element to the end of the list: Of course, you’d never do this in practice if all you wanted to do was to copy an existing list. You’d just … Read more

How can I solve “java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError”?

After you compile your code, you end up with .class files for each class in your program. These binary files are the bytecode that Java interprets to execute your program. The NoClassDefFoundError indicates that the classloader (in this case java.net.URLClassLoader), which is responsible for dynamically loading classes, cannot find the .class file for the class that you’re trying to use. Your code … Read more