The path of image is incorrect.
Change
#blog .pagination span.left-arrow {
background: url('arrow_left.png') no-repeat;
}
#blog .pagination span.right-arrow {
background: url('arrow_right.png') no-repeat;
}
to
#blog .pagination span.left-arrow {
background: url('img/arrow_left.png') no-repeat;
}
#blog .pagination span.right-arrow {
background: url('img/arrow_right.png') no-repeat;
}