Weird string offset errors when displaying post attachments

Since you’ve used the true argument for get_post_meta, $blogimages will be a single array, not a multidimensional one.

So instead of $blogimages[0]['blog-image-inside'], just use $blogimages['blog-image-inside'].

For absolute sanity, you might also want to check $blogimages before you use it:

'exclude' => [
    $thumb_ID,
    isset( $blogimages['blog-image-inside'] ) ? $blogimages['blog-image-inside'] : 0,
    isset( $blogimages['blog-image-front'] ) ? $blogimages['blog-image-front'] : 0,
    isset( $blogimages['blog-image-main'] ) ? $blogimages['blog-image-main'] : 0
],