Change text of twentyseventeen_edit_link()

The twentyseventeen_edit_link() function returns an accessibility-friendly link to edit a post or page. Here is its content:

function twentyseventeen_edit_link() {
    $link = edit_post_link(
        sprintf(
            /* translators: %s: Name of current post */
            __( 'Edit<span class="screen-reader-text"> "%s"</span>', 'twentyseventeen' ),
            get_the_title()
        ),
        '<span class="edit-link">',
        '</span>'
    );
    return $link;
}

Since it doesn’t provide a hook or filter, you have to use PoEdit to translate Twenty Seventeen’s translation files. Everything you need is included in the PoEdit official site.