Check if author or uploader id of the attachment(uploaded) image is match?

I am using something similar in my website, to only show media attachements uploaded by other users, if this is an option for you, you can use the code or you can edit it to match your need but the truth is that it gets the user ID in the same way it would get it from a post with post_author

Here’s the code you can test it and see if this will work good for you.

//Hide Media Library images Start
function hide_posts_media_by_other($query) {
    global $pagenow;
    if (( 'edit.php' != $pagenow && 'upload.php' != $pagenow ) || !$query->is_admin) {
        return $query;
    }
    if (!current_user_can('manage_options')) {
        global $user_ID;
        $query->set('author', $user_ID);
    }
    return $query;
}

add_filter('pre_get_posts', 'hide_posts_media_by_other');

add_filter('posts_where', 'hide_attachments_wpquery_where');

function hide_attachments_wpquery_where($where) {
    global $current_user;
    if (!current_user_can('manage_options')) {
        if (is_user_logged_in()) {
            if (isset($_POST['action'])) {
                if ($_POST['action'] == 'query-attachments') {
                    $where .= ' AND post_author=" . $current_user->data->ID;
                }
            }
        }
    }
    return $where;
}

//Hide Media Library images END