Editor’s role in WP

You are right indeed, users with the "editor" role do not have the 'edit_theme_options' capability, which is required to access the following:

Appearance > Widgets
Appearance > Menus
Appearance > Customize if they are supported by the current theme
Appearance > Background
Appearance > Header

(source)

For a complete reference of roles and capabilities, and what each capability stands for, you can refer to this page in the codex: https://codex.wordpress.org/Roles_and_Capabilities

Alternatively, you can also create a dummy user, give it the editor role (or any other), and login as this user so you can see for yourself exactly what you can and cannot access.

In case the built-in roles and capabilities won’t give you the exact combination of accesses and restrictions you are looking for, you can also edit them so they fit your needs.

There are plugins for this. This is not a place to recommend a specific plugin, but a Google search for something like “WordPress plugin edit user roles” should help.

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