Get previous posts list

Did you chceck the Codex Date Parameters ? Expecially the ‘before’ param.
It works like this:

$date = get_the_date('Y-m-d H:i:s');
$args = array(
    'date_query' => array(
        array(
            'before' => $date
        ),
    ),
    'posts_per_page' => 10,
);
$query = new WP_Query( $args );