Try using this in your functions.php
file or in a plugin file-
add_filter( 'login_url', 'wpse_290288_custom_login_url', 10, 3 );
function wpse_290288_custom_login_url( $login_url, $redirect, $force_reauth ) {
$login_page_id = 123; // ID of your custom login page
return get_permalink( $login_page_id );
}